Payroll control record PA03

The payroll information displayed via transaction PA03 is stored within tables T569V, T549A and T549Q. They can also be retrieved using Function module PA03_PCR_READ

Another useful function module could be HR_MX_GET_PAYROLL_PERIOD which retrieves payroll period dates based on the current date, irrespective of what is set in SAP transaction PA03.

CALL FUNCTION 'HR_MX_GET_PAYROLL_PERIOD'
  EXPORTING
    PAYROLL_AREA         = ld_abkrs
*   DATE                                = SY-DATUM
  IMPORTING
*   PAYROLL_YEAR         =
*   PAYROLL_PERIOD     =
    PERIOD_BEGIN              = ld_start
    PERIOD_END                  = ld_end.